| Description : |
Activins are homodimers or heterodimers of the various β subunit isoforms, belonging to the TGFβ family. Mature Activin AB has two chains of 116 and 123 amino acids residues (βA-βB). Activin exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including mesoderm induction, neural cell differentiation, bone remodelling, haematopoiesis, and reproductive physiology. Activins plays a key role in the production and regulation of hormones such as FSH, LH, GnRH and ACTH. Inhibins /Activins are proteins that are formed by the dimerization of two subunits, i. e. an α with either βA –inhibin A- or βB - inhibin B. The subunits βA and βB can also form homodimers or heterodimers calleds activins: Activin A (βAβA), Activin B (βBβB) and Activin AB (βAβB). The activin gene family comprises the additional, but poorly characterized members activin βC, βD, and βE.- As with other members of the super-family, Activins interact with two types of cell surface trans-membrane receptors (Types I and II) which have intrinsic serine/threonine kinase activities in their cytoplasmic domains, Activin type 1 receptors, ACVR1, ACVR1B, ACVR1C and Activin type 2 receptors, ACVR2A, ACVR2B. - The development of assays distinguishing between different forms of activins and inhibins, along with knock-in and knock-out models, have provided evidence that the betaA- and betaB-subunits have independent and separate roles physiologically. Additionally, evaluation of ligand-receptor interactions indicates significant differences in receptor affinity between activin isoforms, as well as between inhibin isoforms. |
| Source : |
Nicotiana benthamiana |
| Species : |
Human |
| Tag : |
His |
| Form : |
Lyophilized from a Tris HCl 0.05M buffer pH 7.4. |
| Bio-activity : |
The biological activity of Activin AB is measured by its ability to inhibit mouse plasmacytoma cell line (MPC-11) cells proliferation. EC50<5ng l are required to stimulate a half-maximal response at cytokine saturation. note: since applications vary, each investigator should titrate the reagent to obtain optimal> |
| Molecular Mass : |
Activin AB is a disulphide linked heterodimer of subunits βA / βB . βA Single chain, containing 116 aa (13.7 kDa) and βB single chain, 123 amino residues (14kDa). Recombinant human Activin AB contains a His-tag at the N-terminal end. |
| AA Sequence : |
βA:GLECDGKVNICCKKQFFVSFKDIGW NDWIIAPSGYHANYCEGECPSHIAG TSGSSLSFHSTVINHYRMRGHSPFA NLKSCCVPTKLRPMSMLYYDDGQNI IKKDIQNMIVEECGCS βB:GLECDGRTNLCCRQQFFIDFRLIGW NDWIIAPTGYYGNYCEGSCPAYLAG VPGSASSFHTAVVNQYRMRGLNPGT VNSCCIPTKLSTMSMLYFDDEYNIV KRDVPNMIVEECG |
| Endotoxin : |
< 0.04 eu ug protein (lal> |
| Purity : |
>97% by SDS-PAGE gel |
| Applications : |
Cell culture, Western Blot |
| Storage : |
This lyophilized preparation is stable at 2-8o C for short term, long storage it should be kept at -20oC. Reconstituted protein should be stored in working aliquots at –20°C. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. |
| Reconstitution : |
Lyophilized protein should be reconstituted in water to a concentration of 50 ng/μl. Optimal concentration should be determined for specific application and cell lines. Optimal reconstitution please follow batch Quality Control sheet instructions. |
