APOD
-
Official Full Name
Apolipoprotein D
-
Overview
This gene encodes a component of high density lipoprotein that has no marked similarity to other apolipoprotein sequences. It has a high degree of homology to plasma retinol-binding protein and other members of the alpha 2 microglobulin protein superfamily of carrier proteins, also known as lipocalins. This glycoprotein is closely associated with the enzyme lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase - an enzyme involved in lipoprotein metabolism -
Synonyms
APOD protein; Apolipoprotein D; apolipoprotein D OTTHUMP00000208788; ApoD; Apo-D; OTTHUMP00000208787;
- Recombinant Proteins
- Cell & Tissue Lysates
- Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads
- Chicken
- Cynomolgus Monkey
- Guinea pig
- Human
- Mouse
- Rabbit
- Rat
- E.coli
- E.Coli or Yeast
- HEK293
- HEK293T
- In Vitro Cell Free System
- Mammalian Cell
- Mammalian cells
- Wheat Germ
- C
- His
- Flag
- GST
- His (Fc)
- Avi
- His|GST
- MYC
- DDK
- N/A
- N
- Involved Pathway
- Protein Function
- Interacting Protein
- APOD Related Articles
APOD involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways APOD participated on our site, such as SLC-mediated transmembrane transport, Transmembrane transport of small molecules, Transport of fatty acids, which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with APOD were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.
Pathway Name | Pathway Related Protein |
---|---|
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport | SLC13A5A;RHCGL1;SLC22A7;SLC2A10;SLC34A2A;SLC17A1;SLC30A8;SLC43A2B;SLC14A1 |
Transmembrane transport of small molecules | TRPC4AP;WNK2;SLC35B2;SLC43A2;SLC29A2;SLC7A11;ANO4;TSC22D3;MIPA |
Transport of fatty acids | LCN1;SLC27A4;APOD;LCN15;LCN9;LCN12 |
Transport of vitamins, nucleosides, and related molecules | SLC35B4;SLC5A6B;SLCO2A1;LCN15;APOD;SLCO2B1;SLC29A4;SLCO3A1;SLCO4A1 |
APOD has several biochemical functions, for example, cholesterol binding, lipid transporter activity, protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by APOD itself. We selected most functions APOD had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with APOD. You can find most of the proteins on our site.
Function | Related Protein |
---|---|
cholesterol binding | PTCH1;OSBPL1A;OSBPL7;PROM2;ABCA1;OSBPL8;SYP;SCP2;NPC1 |
lipid transporter activity | APOD;APOF;APOA4;CETP;APOC4;APOL3;VTG7;APOBB.1;MTTP |
protein binding | SIVA1;CST2;TLX2;RPL30;GCC1;FBXO9;EPHA10;KRT25;PDIA2 |
APOD has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with APOD here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of APOD.
a8ka83_human; STK24; CREB3; GRINL1A; A2M; ESR1; CDK19
- Q&As
- Reviews
Q&As (19)
Ask a questionYes, ApoD protein has been found to interact with several other proteins and molecules. For example, it has been shown to interact with lipoprotein receptors involved in lipid metabolism, such as LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). Additionally, ApoD can bind to β-amyloid peptides, which are implicated in Alzheimer's disease. These interactions suggest potential roles for ApoD in modulating lipid transport and neurodegenerative processes.
Mutations in the ApoD gene are not typically associated with any specific genetic disorders. However, variations in the ApoD gene have been linked to certain diseases or conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. The exact mechanisms and significance of these associations are still being investigated.
Some studies suggest that lifestyle factors and medications may influence ApoD protein levels. For example, certain drugs, such as statins, have been found to increase ApoD protein expression. Additionally, lifestyle factors like exercise and dietary interventions may also impact ApoD levels. However, further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between these factors and ApoD protein.
ApoD protein has diverse physiological functions. It is primarily associated with lipid metabolism and transport, as it binds to lipids and lipophilic molecules, such as fatty acids and cholesterol. ApoD is also involved in stress response mechanisms, including protection against oxidative stress and neuronal damage. It has been implicated in modulating inflammation and immunity as well. Furthermore, ApoD may play a role in promoting neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival.
ApoD protein is widely expressed in various tissues and organs throughout the body. It is highly abundant in the central nervous system, including the brain, where it is mainly localized in astrocytes. ApoD expression is also found in other tissues, such as the liver, kidney, adipose tissue, and reproductive organs. Its expression can be regulated by various factors, including hormones, stress, and aging.
Research suggests that ApoD protein may play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. It has been found to interact with β-amyloid peptides, which form plaques in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. ApoD can bind to and stabilize β-amyloid, potentially influencing its aggregation and clearance. Additionally, ApoD may have neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the exact contributions of ApoD to neurodegenerative diseases are still being investigated.
Various techniques are employed to study the functions and mechanisms of ApoD protein. These include in vitro experiments using cell cultures to investigate its interactions, expression, and functions. Animal models, such as knockout or transgenic mice with modified ApoD genes, are also used to study the effects of ApoD protein on specific processes or diseases. Additionally, sophisticated imaging techniques and proteomic analyses can provide insights into the localization and interactions of ApoD within tissues and organs.
The potential therapeutic implications of ApoD protein are still being explored. Some studies have suggested that increasing ApoD levels could have neuroprotective effects and may be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, modulating ApoD expression or function could potentially impact lipid metabolism and associated disorders. However, it is important to note that any potential treatment strategies targeting ApoD are still in the early stages of development and further research is needed.
Yes, studies have shown that APOD levels fluctuate with the sleep-wake cycle, with higher expression during periods of sleep. APOD knockout mice exhibit altered sleep patterns, suggesting a role in the regulation of sleep duration and quality.
APOD has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, obesity, and metabolic disorders. However, further research is needed to fully understand its involvement in these conditions.
The potential of APOD protein as a therapeutic target is still being investigated. Its involvement in various diseases suggests that modulating its expression or activity could have therapeutic benefits. However, more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and determine its suitability as a target.
APOD has been shown to have neuroprotective properties. It may protect against oxidative stress and inflammation, and contribute to the maintenance and survival of neurons. It has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
ApoD protein is found in various tissues throughout the body, including the brain, liver, kidneys, and adipose tissue. It is also present in the cerebrospinal fluid and can be detected in plasma.
APOD is thought to play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and transport. It has been found to interact with lipids and lipoproteins and may contribute to the metabolism and transport of fatty acids and cholesterol.
ApoD protein has shown potential as a diagnostic marker for certain diseases. For example, its altered levels have been observed in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Additionally, changes in ApoD levels have been associated with certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer. However, more research is necessary to establish the reliability and specificity of ApoD as a diagnostic marker.
Research studies and clinical trials related to ApoD protein are ongoing to further understand its functions and potential implications in various diseases. Some areas of research include investigating its role in neurodegenerative disorders, exploring its potential as a diagnostic marker, and studying its therapeutic potential. Clinical trials may also be exploring interventions targeting ApoD, although specific trials may vary depending on current advancements in the field.
ApoD protein levels can be measured in laboratory tests or clinical settings using various techniques. One common method is enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), where antibodies specific to ApoD are used to detect and quantify its concentration in biological samples, such as blood or cerebrospinal fluid.
There is evidence suggesting a potential involvement of ApoD protein in aging-related processes. Studies have shown that ApoD levels increase with age in various tissues, including the brain. Additionally, ApoD has been implicated in stress response mechanisms and protecting against oxidative damage, which are both important factors in aging. However, further research is needed to fully understand the specific contributions of ApoD to the aging process.
Yes, there is evidence that the expression of ApoD protein changes with aging. Studies have shown that ApoD levels increase with age in various tissues, including the brain. This upregulation of ApoD expression may be a protective response to counteract age-related oxidative stress and inflammation. The increased expression of ApoD in older individuals suggests it may have a role in the aging process, but further research is needed to fully understand its implications.
Customer Reviews (4)
Write a reviewIts integrity and reliability make it an ideal choice to address the specific objectives of my research.
Their comprehensive certificates of analysis and safety data sheets serve as testaments to their commitment to ensuring the safety and integrity of their products.
In addition to the exceptional quality of the protein, the manufacturer's support extends beyond the product itself.
Their ability to accommodate the requirements of large-scale experiments and guarantee a steady supply streamlines my research operations, eliminating any concerns related to prospective shortages.
Ask a Question for All APOD Products
Required fields are marked with *
My Review for All APOD Products
Required fields are marked with *