The interferon (IFN) signaling pathway is the main component of innate immunity and plays an important role in the host’s resistance to pathogens; the production of IFN and the activation of downstream pathways are precisely regulated. The transcription factor STAT1 is a key effector of the IFN pathway. When the IFN signaling pathway is activated, the STAT1 protein is phosphorylated and modified by its kinase JAK1 to form heterologous or…