Type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN – γ can promote anti-tumor immunity by enhancing the body’s T-cell response. Paradoxically, IFN – γ can promote T cell depletion by activating immune checkpoints. The downstream regulatory mechanisms of these different responses are currently unclear to researchers. Recently, a research report titled “Opposing tumor-cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of the IRF1 transcription factor in antitumor immunity” was published in the journal Cell Reports. Scientists…
A Novel Gene Therapy Is Expected To Treat Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
The use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for gene replacement is a promising method for treating many diseases. However, the packaging capacity of AAV (approximately 4.7 kilobases) poses a challenge to this therapeutic approach, limiting its application in diseases associated with larger protein-coding sequences, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy where mRNA is 14 kilobases. In a new study, researchers from the University of Washington have developed a novel gene…
Not Everyone Is Suitable For Vegetarianism! Genetic Factors Play an Important Role in It
Vegetarian diet is widely praised for its benefits in reducing cholesterol, heart disease risk, and preventing type 2 diabetes, but researchers believe that this special diet may also have a cost. Recently, a research team from the University of Georgia revealed the important role of genetic factors in determining whether a vegetarian diet is suitable for individuals, providing a solid scientific basis for the development of personalized nutrition plans….
ZAK Kinase Activates UV Mediated Programmed Cell Death
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces DNA damage and activates the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway, thereby blocking the cell cycle and allowing time for DNA repair. When DNA damage becomes severe and difficult to repair, it activates cell apoptosis. The study of UV radiation-induced DNA damage has long been well-known, but there is relatively little mention of how UV can also induce RNA damage. Research has found that UV can generate…
IFITM5 Mutation Causes Abnormal Differentiation of Bone Marrow Cells, Leading To V-Type Osteogenesis Imperfect
In a new study, researchers from research institutions such as Baylor School of Medicine revealed the molecular events that lead to osteogenesis imperfecta type V. This discovery provides new possibilities for designing treatments for this incurable disease. The relevant research results were published online in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, under the title “The IFITM5 mutation in osteogenesis imperfecta type V is associated with an ERK/SOX9-dependent osteoprogenitor differentiation defect”. …
MYCT1 Plays a Crucial Role in Self-Renewal of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells
In a new study, researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles discovered a protein called MYCT1 that plays a crucial role in regulating self-renewal by helping human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) perceive and interpret signals from their environment. This discovery brings scientists one step closer to the method of amplifying hematopoietic stem cells in laboratory culture dishes, making it easier to obtain life-saving hematopoietic stem cell transplants and improving…
Single Infusion of Long-Lived Multifunctional T Cells with IL4 Mutations Can Provide Lasting Relief for Asthma
In a new study, researchers from Tsinghua University in China found that genetically modified long-lived multifunctional T cells can inhibit the symptoms and signs of allergic asthma in mice for up to a year. Specifically, they genetically modified CAR-T cells to reduce the function of interleukins associated with type 2 high characteristic asthma. The relevant research results were published in the Nature Immunology journal, titled “A single infusion of engineered…
MSD PD-1 Inhibitor Approved By FDA for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Cancer
Keytruda is a PD-1 inhibitor developed by Merck, which can block the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, release immune suppression mediated by the PD-1 signaling pathway, activate T lymphocytes that may affect tumor cells and healthy cells, and enhance the human immune system’s ability to detect and eliminate cancer cells. Since obtaining FDA approval for the treatment of advanced melanoma for the first time in…
A Novel Therapy for Alzheimer’s disease Targeting Neuronal Calcium Homeostasis
A new study published in the journal Science has brought us a new approach to the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Unlike many previous approaches to new drug development, this therapy does not target the key pathological proteins of Alzheimer’s disease, beta-amyloid (Aβ) or tau protein, but rather targets the more fundamental neuronal calcium homeostasis. Calcium ion disorders play an important pathological role in various types of dementia, including…
Liver ACOX1 Regulates Circulating Lipid Levels and Promotes Metabolic Health through Fat Remodeling
Obesity is a serious public health problem, which is related to a wide range of complications, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and liver steatosis. Dysfunction of lipid metabolism is a hallmark of obesity, related to the pathogenesis of these comorbidities. The imbalance between lipid synthesis and degradation leads to the accumulation of excess fat in adipose tissue and other organs. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) or related beige adipose…