Coagulation Factors
About Coagulation Factors
Coagulation factors are a group of proteins that play a vital role in the blood clotting process, also known as coagulation. These factors work together in a complex cascade to form a stable blood clot, which is crucial for wound healing and preventing excessive bleeding.
There are both procoagulant (clot-promoting) and anticoagulant (clot-inhibiting) factors involved in the coagulation process. When the integrity of blood vessels is compromised, a series of reactions is triggered, leading to the activation and interaction of these factors.
The coagulation factors are typically designated by Roman numerals from I to XIII. Here is a brief overview of some key coagulation factors:
- Fibrinogen (Factor I): Fibrinogen is a soluble protein produced by the liver and circulates in the blood plasma. When activated, it is converted into insoluble fibrin strands, forming the structural framework of a blood clot.
- Prothrombin (Factor II): Prothrombin is an inactive precursor synthesized by the liver. Upon activation, typically by thrombin, it is converted into thrombin, a key enzyme in the coagulation cascade.
- Thrombin (Factor IIa): Thrombin is a serine protease that plays a central role in blood clot formation. It converts fibrinogen into fibrin, initiates the activation of other coagulation factors, and amplifies the clotting process.
- Factor VII: Factor VII is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein that is activated by tissue factor (also known as factor III) and calcium ions. Activated factor VII (factor VIIa) is involved in the initiation of the coagulation cascade by activating factor X.
- Factor VIII: Factor VIII is a complex protein involved in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. It acts as a cofactor for factor IXa in the activation of factor X.
- Factor IX: Factor IX is a vitamin K-dependent protein that, when activated to factor IXa, forms a complex with factor VIIIa. This complex activates factor X, leading to the subsequent steps of the coagulation cascade.
- Factor X: Factor X is an enzyme that is activated by either the intrinsic pathway (via the factor IXa-factor VIIIa complex) or the extrinsic pathway (via factor VIIa and tissue factor). Activated factor X (factor Xa) converts prothrombin into thrombin, promoting clot formation.
- Factor XIII: Factor XIII is involved in stabilizing the blood clot by cross-linking fibrin strands. It forms covalent bonds between fibrin molecules, strengthening the clot structure.
These are just a few examples of the coagulation factors, and there are other factors and proteins involved in the complex coagulation cascade. The interactions and regulation of these factors ensure a tightly controlled and balanced clotting response.
Fig.1 Schematic representation of the blood coagulation cascade. (Fornaguera C, et al., 2017)
Available Resources for Coagulation Factors
Creative BioMart offers researchers and scientists access to an extensive selection of high-quality recombinant proteins, customized services, and a diverse repository of valuable resources related to coagulation factors.
- Recombinant Proteins: Creative BioMart offers a vast collection of recombinant proteins, including various coagulation factors, which are produced using advanced recombinant DNA technology. These proteins are expressed and purified to high levels of quality, ensuring their biological activity for investigating the functions, interactions, and mechanisms of coagulation factors.
- Customized Services: Creative BioMart provides customized services tailored to meet specific research needs. These services include protein expression, purification, labeling, modification, and characterization.
- Rich Repository of Resources: Creative BioMart boasts an extensive repository of resources related to coagulation factors, including involved pathways, protein function, interacting proteins, articles, research areas, and more. These resources serve as valuable references and references for researchers and scientists seeking in-depth information and insights into coagulation factors.
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Reference:
- Fornaguera C, Solans C. Methods for the in vitro characterization of nanomedicines—biological component interaction[J]. Journal of personalized medicine, 2017, 7(1): 2.
