Analysis of RNA in the transcriptome provides insight into many biological processes that are affected by RNA activity. The transcriptome generally refers to the sum of all RNAs transcribed by a cell or tissue under specific conditions, including coding RNA (mRNA) and non-coding RNA (ncRNA, such as rRNA, tRNA, microRNA, etc.). After RNA is transcribed, it undergoes many processes, including splicing, capping, and chemical modifying.

Hundreds of chemical modifications have been identified on RNA, and these modifications play an important role in regulating the structure and function of RNA. Analogous to the traditional epigenetics that mainly studies the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) of DNA and the methylation/acetylation of histone, the related research field of RNA modification is called "RNA epigenetics". There are many kinds of RNA modifications, and the content and function of various modifications are also different. Among them, N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most common post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotic mRNA, accounting for 80% of RNA methylation modification. The m⁶A modification of RNA is mainly regulated by three types of proteins, namely "writer", "eraser" and "reader". The research on the synthesis mechanism and interaction protein of m⁶A modification is a hot topic in the field of RNA.

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