| Cat.No.: | SP-0188 |
| Product Name: | Human Histone H2B (mono methyl K5) peptide |
| Background: | Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Subunit structure The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Post-translational modification Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons. Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription. Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination. GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes. Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes. |
| Storage: | Store at 4℃ if entire vial will be used within 2-4 weeks. Store at -20℃ or -80℃ for longer periods of time. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Appearance: | Liquid |
| Species: | Human |
| Alternative Names: | H2B GL105/H2B histone family member O/H2B histone family member S |
| Warning: | This product is for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. |
| Product Types | ||
| ◆ Nucleosomes | ||
| NUC-0020 | Recombinant Nucleosome, H2AR3me1 dNuc | Inquiry |
| NUC-0021 | Recombinant Nucleosome, H2AR3me2a dNuc | Inquiry |
| NUC-0075 | Recombinant Nucleosome, H2AK119ub dNuc | Inquiry |
| NUC-0076 | Recombinant Nucleosome, H2BK120ub dNuc | Inquiry |
| NUC-0082 | Recombinant Nucleosome, H2AXS139phos dNuc | Inquiry |
| Related Gene / Proteins | |||
| H2AK11 | H2AK119 | H2AK12 | H2AK13 |
| H2AK15 | H2AK16 | H2AK4 | H2AK5 |
| H2AK7 | H2AK8 | H2AK9 | H2AP26 |
| H2AQ104 | H2AR29 | H2AR3 | H2AS1 |
| H2AS129 | H2AS139 | H2AS2 | H2AT120 More > |
| H2AT121 | H2AT142 | H2AY142 | H2BK108 |
| H2BK11 | H2BK116 | H2BK12 | H2BK120 |
| H2BK126 | H2BK15 | H2BK16 | H2BK20 |
| H2BK23 | H2BK43 | H2BK46 | H2BK5 |
| H2BR79 | H2BS112 | H2BS14 | H2BS32 |
| H2BT129 | |||
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