What is FYN Protein
The FYN protein, also known as Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn, is a vital player in cellular signaling. Its official full name, Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn, reflects its primary function as a tyrosine kinase, while its synonyms, Src-like kinase and SLK, capture its structural and functional similarities to the Src family of kinases. FYN belongs to the Src family kinase (SFK) group, a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases implicated in various cellular processes.
FYN Protein Structural Characteristics and Classification
Structurally, FYN protein is characterized by distinct domains, including an N-terminal unique domain, Src homology 3 (SH3) and Src homology 2 (SH2) domains, and a C-terminal kinase domain. These structural features contribute to its classification as a receptor tyrosine kinase, enabling it to modulate signaling cascades upon ligand binding.
Recent research has shed light on FYN's role in various physiological and pathological processes, showcasing its significance in cellular regulation.
Figure 1. Fyn structure. (Matrone C, et al., 2020)
FYN Biological Functions and Molecular Mechanisms
FYN's biological functions are multifaceted, reflecting its involvement in diverse cellular processes. As a tyrosine kinase, FYN plays a pivotal role in signal transduction pathways, phosphorylating tyrosine residues on target proteins. This post-translational modification regulates cellular responses, influencing processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
One of FYN's key molecular mechanisms involves its interaction with cell surface receptors, including receptor tyrosine kinases and integrins. Upon activation, FYN phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on these receptors, initiating downstream signaling cascades. Additionally, FYN regulates synaptic transmission in neurons, impacting cognitive functions and memory formation.
FYN Related Signaling Pathway
FYN participates in intricate signaling pathways, influencing cellular responses. One notable pathway involves its interaction with the PI3K-AKT pathway, impacting cell survival and proliferation. Additionally, FYN modulates the MAPK pathway, contributing to cellular differentiation and growth.
In the context of immune responses, FYN plays a role in T-cell receptor signaling, influencing the activation and function of T cells. This regulatory role positions FYN as a potential target for immunomodulatory therapies.
FYN Related Diseases
The dysregulation of FYN is implicated in various diseases, underscoring its clinical significance. In cancer, aberrant FYN activity is associated with tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Moreover, FYN's involvement in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, highlights its role in neuronal function and survival.
FYN's Applications in Biomedicine
The unique properties of FYN make it a promising candidate for various biomedical applications.
In diagnostic development, FYN can serve as a biomarker for certain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Detection of altered FYN expression or activity in patient samples may aid in early disease diagnosis and prognosis.
In vaccine development, FYN's involvement in immune responses suggests its potential as a target for immunotherapy. Harnessing FYN-specific antigens may enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells or pathogens.
In therapeutics, targeting FYN with small molecule inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies holds promise for cancer treatment. By disrupting FYN-mediated signaling pathways, these therapeutics may impede tumor growth and metastasis.
Recommended Products
| Cat.No. | Product Name | Species | Source (Host) | Tag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FYN-0397H | Recombinant Human FYN protein, His-tagged | Human | E.coli | His |
| FYN-5832HF | Active Recombinant Full Length Human FYN Protein, BTN-tagged | Human | Insect (sf21) | BTN |
| FYN-8109HF | Active Recombinant Full Length Human FYN Protein, GST-tagged | Human | Insect (sf21) | GST |
| FYN-7192HF | Active Recombinant Full Length Human FYN Protein, GST-tagged | Human | Insect (sf21) | GST |
| FYN-822HFL | Active Recombinant Full Length Human FYN Protein, C-Flag-tagged | Human | Mammalian cells | Flag |
| FYN-6112M | Recombinant Mouse FYN Protein | Mouse | Mammalian Cell | His |
| Fyn-3119M | Recombinant Mouse Fyn Protein, Myc/DDK-tagged | Mouse | HEK293T | Myc/DDK |
| FYN-3407M | Recombinant Mouse FYN Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged | Mouse | HEK293 | His (Fc)-Avi |
| FYN-2427R | Recombinant Rat FYN Protein | Rat | Mammalian Cell | His |
| FYN-2083R | Recombinant Rat FYN Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged | Rat | HEK293 | His (Fc)-Avi |
Reference
- Matrone C, et al. Fyn tyrosine kinase as harmonizing factor in neuronal functions and dysfunctions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020, 21(12): 4444.
