CTAG1B

What is CTAG1B protein?

CTAG1B (cancer/testis antigen 1B) is a protein coding gene which situated on the long arm of chromosome X at locus Xq28. An important paralog of this gene is CTAG1A. The protein encoded by this gene is called CTAG1B also known as NY-ESO-1. It is a member of the CT (cancer/testis) family, also a tumor-specific shared antigen with distinctive immunogenicity. Both the cytotoxic T lymphocyte and antibody have been shown to react with this CTAG1B. The CTAG1B protein is consisted of 180 amino acids and its molecular mass is approximately 18 kDa. CTAG1B has been detected in normal testis and in a range of human tumor types whose reactivity in testis is restricted to germ cells, particularly in the spermatogonia.

What is the function of CTAG1B protein?

The precise function of CTAG1B is not fully understood, but it is believed to play a role in cancer progression and immune response. CTAG1B is known to be involved in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. It may also contribute to the evasion of immune surveillance by promoting immune tolerance in tumor cells.

CTAG1B related Signaling pathways

In terms of signaling pathways, CTAG1B is known to be involved in the Wnt signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenesis. CTAG1B has been shown to interact with the β-catenin protein, a key component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting its involvement in this pathway.

CTAG1B Related Diseases

CTAG1B is primarily expressed in various cancer types such as lung cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, and melanoma. Its expression is often associated with more aggressive tumor characteristics and poor prognosis.

Fig1. NY-ESO-1 expression in the patients with no distant metastasis was 24.62% (32/130), but it was as high as 46.15% (12/26) in the patients with distant metastasis (p=0.026).

Bioapplications of CTAG1B

The potential of CTAG1B as a cancer biomarker and therapeutic target is being explored. It is being studied for its potential use in cancer immunotherapy, specifically in the development of cancer vaccines and targeted immunotherapies that induce an immune response against cancer cells expressing CTAG1B. CTAG1B can also be used in immunotherapy to activate the immune system and enhance the body's immunity to tumors.

Case Study 1: Veerauo V Konkankit, 2011

Fig1. Up-regulated expression of NY-ESO-1 in human glioma-derived cell lines and primary cell lines treated with decitabine. Representative data for established glioma cell lines.

Case Study 2: Alaa Alsalloum, 2023

Fig2. Box plot analysis of transduced T cell population clusters following NY-ESO-1-expressing SK-MEL-37 cell line cultivation.

CTAG1B has several biochemical functions, for example, protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by CTAG1B itself. We selected most functions CTAG1B had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with CTAG1B. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

CTAG1B has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with CTAG1B here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of CTAG1B.

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