TGFB2

Case study 1: Xiao-Ming Jiang, 2021

Osimertinib (AZD9291) has been widely used for the treatment of EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer. However, resistance to osimertinib is inevitable. In this study the researchers elucidated the molecular mechanisms of resistance in osimertinib-resistant NCI-H1975/OSIR cells. In NCI-H1975 cells, osimertinib activated NF-κB pathway, evidenced by the increased p65 nuclear translocation, which was abolished by knockdown of TGFβ2. In the cancer genome atlas lung adenocarcinoma data, TGFB2 transcript abundance significantly correlated with EMT-associated genes and NF-κB pathway. These findings shed new light on distinct roles of TGFβ2 in osimertinib-resistant cells and provide new strategies for treatment of this resistant status.

Fig1. The indicated protein levels were determined by Western blotting after cotreatment with the TGFβRI inhibitor SB525334 (SB, 1 μM) and OSI (125 nM) for 48 h.

Fig2. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to analyze the expression and localization of p65 in NCI-H1975 cells with silenced TGFB2 for 24 h, followed by treatment with OSI for another 48 h.

Case study 2: Jinliang Wu, 2017

The metabolic reprogramming is indispensible for the fast growth of tumor cells. The metabolism of CAFs is reprogrammed to aerobic glycolysis too. However, it is not clear whether this metabolic reprogramming promotes the growth of CAFs themselves.

The researchers found TGF-β signaling regulated cell growth of CAF through RNA-sequencing analysis and Western blot, which was further supported by the observation that TGF-β2 was highly expressed in colon cancer tissues. In brief, the data have manifested that the proliferation rate is decreased in CAFs, which enable CAFs generate more intermediate metabolites to support tumor cells growth, suggesting CAFs is an ideal target for tumor therapy.

Fig3. Verification of the possible pathway regulating G1/S checkpoint.

Fig4. The expression of TGF-β2 in colon cancer tissue. FSP1 is a marker of CAF.

Fig1. Schematic representation of the proposed mechanisms of OSI resistance in NCI-H1975 cells. OSI-induced TGFβ2-mediated activation of NF-κB and SMAD2. (Xiao-Ming Jiang, 2021)

Fig2. TGF-β signaling regulates G1/S checkpoint in CAFs. (Jinliang Wu, 2017)

TGFB2 involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways TGFB2 participated on our site, such as MAPK signaling pathway, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, FoxO signaling pathway, which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with TGFB2 were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.

TGFB2 has several biochemical functions, for example, beta-amyloid binding, cytokine activity, growth factor activity. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by TGFB2 itself. We selected most functions TGFB2 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with TGFB2. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

TGFB2 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with TGFB2 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of TGFB2.

APP; BMP2