VPS10P-domain Family
About VPS10P-domain Family
The VPS10P-domain family is a group of proteins that are found in diverse organisms, including humans. These proteins are characterized by the presence of a conserved VPS10P domain, which is named after the vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein in yeast that was first discovered to contain this domain.
The VPS10P-domain family proteins are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including protein sorting and trafficking, receptor binding and internalization, and neuronal development. They are found in various cellular compartments, such as the Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and plasma membrane.
One well-known member of this family is the sortilin protein, which has been extensively studied due to its involvement in the regulation of neuronal survival, Alzheimer's disease, and cardiovascular health. Sortilin plays a crucial role in the trafficking of various receptors and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases.
Other members of the VPS10P-domain family include SorCS1, SORCS2, SORCS3, Sort1, GGA proteins, and a few others. These proteins have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, including cholesterol metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release.
Understanding the functions and mechanisms of the VPS10P-domain family proteins is of great importance in gaining insights into various physiological and pathological processes. The study of these proteins may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cardiovascular diseases.
Physiological Functions of VPS10P-domain Family
The VPS10P-domain family, also known as the sortilin-related receptor (SORL) family, is a group of proteins that share a common structural domain called the VPS10P domain. These proteins have diverse physiological functions in various biological processes. Here are some of the known physiological functions associated with the VPS10P-domain family:
Protein Sorting and Trafficking: Members of the VPS10P-domain family are involved in protein sorting and trafficking within cells. They participate in the transport of proteins between different cellular compartments, including the Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and plasma membrane. These proteins help regulate the sorting of cargo proteins to specific destinations and play a role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Neurodevelopment and Neurodegeneration: Several members of the VPS10P-domain family are expressed in the nervous system and have important roles in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, SorLA (also known as LR11) is involved in neuronal migration, synaptic function, and the regulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, which is implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Other VPS10P-domain proteins, such as sortilin and SorCS, also contribute to neuronal development and function.
Lipoprotein Metabolism: The VPS10P-domain family is involved in the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism. Sortilin, in particular, plays a role in the intracellular trafficking and degradation of lipoproteins, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein E (apoE). Sortilin helps control the uptake and clearance of lipoproteins from circulation, which is relevant to lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health.
Hormone and Growth Factor Signaling: Some members of the VPS10P-domain family function as receptors for hormones and growth factors. For example, sortilin acts as a receptor for neurotensin, an important neuropeptide involved in various physiological processes, including neurotransmission, inflammation, and cancer progression. Sortilin also interacts with other signaling molecules, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and modulates their availability and signaling activity.
Cellular Stress Response: The VPS10P-domain family proteins have been implicated in cellular stress response pathways. They can interact with stress-related proteins, such as heat shock proteins and components of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, to regulate cellular adaptation to stress conditions. These interactions help maintain cellular homeostasis and protect against cellular damage.
Cancer Biology: Aberrant expression and dysregulation of VPS10P-domain family members have been observed in various types of cancer. Their roles in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis are being actively investigated. For example, sortilin has been implicated in cancer cell migration and invasion, and SorLA is involved in regulating the turnover of growth factor receptors and their downstream signaling pathways.
The physiological functions of the VPS10P-domain family are still being actively studied, and ongoing research continues to uncover additional roles and mechanisms. The diverse functions of these proteins highlight their importance in various biological processes, including protein trafficking, neurodevelopment, lipid metabolism, signaling pathways, cellular stress response, and cancer biology.
The Application Areas of VPS10P-domain Family
Neurodegenerative Diseases: The VPS10P-domain family, particularly the protein sortilin, has been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Understanding the role of sortilin in protein trafficking, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, and neuroinflammation may provide insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
Cardiovascular Disease: Sortilin, a member of the VPS10P-domain family, is involved in lipoprotein metabolism and regulates the clearance of LDL and apoE. Dysregulation of sortilin has been associated with cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. Targeting sortilin may offer therapeutic strategies for managing lipid metabolism and reducing cardiovascular risk.
Cancer Biology: Several members of the VPS10P-domain family, such as sortilin and SorLA, have been implicated in various aspects of cancer biology. They can influence tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to therapy. Understanding their roles in cancer progression may lead to the development of novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The VPS10P-domain family proteins, including sortilin and SorCS, have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disabilities. Investigating their functions in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmission may contribute to our understanding of these disorders.
Endocrine Disorders: Sortilin has been implicated in the regulation of hormone secretion and metabolism. It plays a role in the trafficking and processing of hormones, including neurotensin and proinsulin. Dysregulation of sortilin may contribute to endocrine disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
Biomarker Discovery: The expression patterns of VPS10P-domain family members can serve as potential biomarkers for various diseases. Their altered expression levels have been observed in different pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Utilizing these proteins as biomarkers may aid in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.
Therapeutic Target Identification: The VPS10P-domain family proteins represent potential therapeutic targets for drug development. Modulating their functions, such as protein trafficking, signaling pathways, and clearance of disease-associated proteins, may offer opportunities for developing novel therapies for various diseases.
These are some of the application areas where the VPS10P-domain family proteins have been investigated. Continued research into their functions and mechanisms may uncover additional applications and potential therapeutic interventions in various disease contexts.
Available Resources for VPS10P-domain Family
Creative BioMart offers a variety of products and services to support research on VPS10P-domain family-related molecules. Here are some key products and services we provide:
Diverse Product Portfolio: The products we provide include but are not limited to the following types:
- Recombinant Proteins: We offer high-quality recombinant proteins, including members of the VPS10P-domain family such as sortilin, SorLA, and others. These recombinant proteins can be utilized for in vitro studies on their functions, interactions, and signaling pathways.
- Cell and Tissue Lysates: We provide a range of cell and tissue lysates, including those related to VPS10P-domain family molecules. These lysates can be used for immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and other related experimental techniques.
- Protein Pre-coupled Beads: We supply various protein pre-coupled beads, such as protein A and protein G binding proteins, for studying interactions between VPS10P-domain family-related molecules. These pre-coupled beads can be applied to experimental designs such as immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, and affinity purification.
Customized Services: Our scientific team with rich experience and expertise can customize specific proteins, antibodies, or experimental protocols according to your specific requirements. We offer customization to meet your specific research needs.
Resource Support: In addition to product supply, we also provide extensive resource support. We offer information on pathways related to VPS10P-domain Family molecules, protein functions, interacting proteins, relevant literature, and related research fields, to better understand and study the functions and regulatory mechanisms of these important molecules.
Click on the VPS10P-domain family-related molecule catalog below for a more comprehensive resource.
We are dedicated to providing you with high-quality research tools and services to help you achieve successful scientific outcomes. If you have any further questions or require custom services, please feel free to contact us at any time.
References:
- Malik AR, Willnow TE. VPS10P Domain Receptors: Sorting Out Brain Health and Disease. Trends Neurosci. 2020;43(11):870-885. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.08.003
- Talbot H, Saada S, Naves T, Gallet PF, Fauchais AL, Jauberteau MO. Regulatory Roles of Sortilin and SorLA in Immune-Related Processes. Front Pharmacol. 2019;9:1507. Published 2019 Jan 7. doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01507
