CD38

  • Official Full Name

    CD38 molecule

  • Overview

    CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase, is a transmembrane glycoprotein found on the surface of some immune cells including plasma cells, activated or immature T and B cells, monocytes, and natural killer cells. CD38 participates in cell adhesion, signal transduction and calcium signaling. It is expressed at high levels in the plasma cell tumor, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, and neuroblastoma. CD38 is used as one of the plasma cell markers and its ligand is CD31 molecules.
  • Synonyms

    CD38; CD38 molecule; ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1; CD38H; cADPr hydrolase 1; cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1; CD38 antigen (ADP-ribosyl cyclase / cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase);

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Species Cat.# Product name Source (Host) Tag Protein Length Price
Human CD38-1822H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His & Avi-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 His&Avi AA Val 43 - Ile 300
Human CD38-573H Active Recombinant Human CD38, Fc-tagged, Biotinylated Human Cell Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-574H Active Recombinant Human CD38, Fc-tagged Human Cell Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-051H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His/Avi-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 cells His&Avi Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-3078H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, Fc-Avi-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 Fc&Avi Val 43-Ile 300
Human CD38-574HAF488 Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated HEK293 Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-574HAF555 Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 555 conjugated HEK293 Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-3079H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, Fc-tagged, FITC-Labeled HEK293 Fc Val 43-Ile 300
Human CD38-574HAF647 Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated HEK293 Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-574HF Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, FITC conjugated HEK293 Fc Arg47-Ile300
Human CD38-653H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged HEK293 His Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-654H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His/Flag-tagged HEK293 His&Flag Val 43 – Ile 300
Human CD38-27749TH Recombinant Human CD38 Wheat Germ Non 300 amino acids
Human CD38-7614H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His & T7-tagged E.coli His&T7 Asp81~Ser298
Human CD38-0797H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, GST-Tagged Wheat Germ GST
Human CD38-655H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, StrepII-tagged HEK293 StrepII Val 43 - Ile 300
Human CD38-59H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged Insect Cell His
Human CD38-1557HCL Recombinant Human CD38 cell lysate Human Cell Non
Human CD38-3267H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged HEK293 His Ala200~Ile300
Human TAB-236 Anti-Human CD38 Therapeutic Antibody CHO Non
Human CD38-574HA Recombinant Human CD38 protein, Fc-tagged, APC labeled HEK293 Fc
Human CD38-018HG Active GMP Recombinant Human CD38 protein, Fc-tagged HEK293 Fc DNA sequence encoding Human CD38(UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q01973) was expressed with Fc tag at the C-terminal.
Human CD38-3928H Recombinant Human CD38 protein(46-300aa), GST-tagged E. coli GST 46-300aa
Human CD38-3080H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged, FITC-Labeled HEK293 His Val 43-Ile 300
Human CDA087P Recombinant Human CD-38 E.coli Non 1-300
Human CD38-1823H Recombinant Human CD38(Val43-Ile300) Protein, N-6*His-Avi-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 His&Avi Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-574HP Recombinant Human CD38 protein, Fc-tagged, R-PE labeled HEK293 Fc
Human CD38-0696H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein (Met1-Ile300), His tagged E.coli His Met1-Ile300
Human CD38-5349H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein (Val43-Ile300), C-His tagged Mammalian cells His Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-30H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein (ECD), His-tagged(C-ter) HEK293 His Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-361H Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, LIgG2b Fc-tagged, low endotoxin HEK293 lIgG2b Val 43 - Ile 300
Human CD38-406M CD38 protein-coupled magnetic MicroBeads
Human CD38-58HF Recombinant Full Length Human CD38 Protein In Vitro Cell Free System 300 amino acids
Human CD38-155H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, His-tagged HEK293 His 300
Human CD38-362H Active Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, MIgG2a Fc-tagged, low endotoxin HEK293 mIgG2a Val 43 - Ile 300
Human CD38-4314M Active CD38 protein-coupled magnetic Beads HEK293 Val 43 - Ile 300
Human CD38-194H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, His-tagged E.coli His
Human CD38-504H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein (Val43-Ile300), C-hFc and 6×His-tagged HEK293 His&Fc Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-443H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein (Va43-Ile300), His-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 His Va43-Ile300
Human CD38-4996H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, hFc-tagged HEK293 Fc 43-300aa
Human CD38-2673H Active Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged HEK293 His Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-5364H Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged Yeast His 43-300aa
Human CD38-015M CD38-coupled magnetic beads
Human CD38-3170HF Recombinant Full Length Human CD38 Protein, GST-tagged In Vitro Cell Free System GST 300 amino acids
Human CD38-653HB Recombinant Human CD38 protein, His-tagged, Biotinylated HEK293 His Va43-Ile300
Human CD38-25H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, N-6His-Avi tagged, Biotinylated Human Cell His&Avi Val43-Ile300
Human CD38-197H Recombinant Human CD38 Protein, His\Avi-tagged Human Cell His&Avi
Mouse Cd38-536M Active Recombinant Mouse Cd38, His-tagged Mammalian cells His Leu45-Thr304
Mouse Cd38-7615M Recombinant Mouse Cd38 protein, His & T7-tagged E.coli His&T7 Thr54~Arg301
Mouse Cd38-3112M Active Recombinant Mouse Cd38 protein(Met1-Thr304), His-tagged HEK293 His Met1-Thr304
Mouse CD38-2639MCL Recombinant Mouse CD38 cell lysate Human Cell Non
Mouse CD38-1334M Recombinant Mouse CD38 protein(Leu45-Thr304) HEK293 Non Leu45-Thr304
Mouse Cd38-1459M-B Recombinant Mouse Cd38 Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293
Mouse Cd38-1459M Recombinant Mouse Cd38 Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 His&Fc&Avi
Rat Cd38-8743R Recombinant Rat CD38 protein(Trp45-Val303), His-tagged HEK293 His Trp45-Val303
Rat CD38-1249R Recombinant Rat CD38 Protein Mammalian Cell His
Rat Cd38-7616R Recombinant Rat Cd38 protein, His & T7-tagged E.coli His&T7 Lys53~Pro284
Rat Cd38-8742R Active Recombinant Rat Cd38 protein(Trp45-Val303), hFc-tagged HEK293 Fc Trp45-Val303
Rat CD38-1259RCL Recombinant Rat CD38 cell lysate Human Cell Non
Rat Cd38-8742RAF488 Recombinant Rat Cd38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated HEK293 Fc 500
Rat Cd38-8742RP Recombinant Rat Cd38 protein, Fc-tagged, R-PE labeled HEK293 Fc
Rat Cd38-8742RA Recombinant Rat Cd38 protein, Fc-tagged, APC labeled HEK293 Fc
Rat CD38-907R-B Recombinant Rat CD38 Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293
Rat Cd38-8742RF Recombinant Rat Cd38 Protein, Fc-tagged, FITC conjugated HEK293 Fc 500
Rat CD38-907R Recombinant Rat CD38 Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 His&Fc&Avi
Rat Cd38-8742RAF647 Recombinant Rat Cd38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated HEK293 Fc 500
Rat Cd38-8742RAF555 Recombinant Rat Cd38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 555 conjugated HEK293 Fc 500
Monkey CD38-1185CAF488 Recombinant Monkey CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated HEK293 Fc 499
Monkey CD38-1185CAF647 Recombinant Monkey CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated HEK293 Fc 499
Monkey CD38-1185CF Recombinant Monkey CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, FITC conjugated HEK293 Fc 499
Monkey CD38-1185CAF555 Recombinant Monkey CD38 Protein, Fc-tagged, Alexa Fluor 555 conjugated HEK293 Fc 499
Rabbit CD38-1027R Recombinant Rabbit CD38 protein(Leu43-Met298), His-tagged HEK293 His Leu43-Met298
Rabbit CD38-1025RCL Recombinant Rabbit CD38 cell lysate Human Cell Non
Cynomolgus CD38-1185CA Recombinant Cynomolgus CD38 protein, Fc-tagged, APC labeled HEK293 Fc
Cynomolgus CD38-1185CP Recombinant Cynomolgus CD38 protein, Fc-tagged, R-PE labeled HEK293 Fc
Cynomolgus Monkey CD38-388C Recombinant Cynomolgus CD38 Protein, His-tagged Mammalian Cell His
Cynomolgus Monkey CD38-1398CCL Recombinant Cynomolgus CD38 cell lysate Human Cell Non
Cynomolgus Monkey CD38-136C Recombinant Cynomolgus Monkey CD38 Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 His&Fc&Avi
Cynomolgus Monkey CD38-136C-B Recombinant Cynomolgus Monkey CD38 Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293
Cynomolgus/Rhesus CD38-61C Active Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus CD38 protein(Leu44-Ile301), His-tagged HEK293 His Leu44-Ile301
Cynomolgus/Rhesus CD38-1185C Active Recombinant Cynomolgus/Rhesus CD38 protein(Leu44-Ile301), hFc-tagged HEK293 Fc Leu44-Ile301
Homo sapiens (Human) RFL28622HF Recombinant Full Length Human Adp-Ribosyl Cyclase/Cyclic Adp-Ribose Hydrolase 1(Cd38) Protein, His-Tagged E.coli expression system His Full Length (1-300)
Mus musculus (Mouse) RFL31242MF Recombinant Full Length Mouse Adp-Ribosyl Cyclase 1(Cd38) Protein, His-Tagged E.coli expression system His Full Length (1-304)
Rhesus Macaque CD38-737R Recombinant Rhesus monkey CD38 Protein, His-tagged Mammalian Cell His
Rhesus Macaque CD38-563R-B Recombinant Rhesus Macaque CD38 Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293
Rhesus Macaque CD38-563R Recombinant Rhesus Macaque CD38 Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 His&Fc&Avi
Chicken CD38-4486C Recombinant Chicken CD38 Mammalian Cell His
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CD38-9.jpg

Fig1. Enzymatic activity of CD38. CD38 metabolizes NAD+ to ADPR through its glycohydrolase (NADase) activity or cADPR through its cyclase activity. (Munehiro Kitada, 2023)

What is CD38 protein?

CD38 (CD38 molecule) gene is a protein coding gene which situated on the short arm of chromosome 4 at locus 4p15. CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), also known as cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase, is a transmembrane glycoprotein found on the surface of some immune cells including plasma cells, activated or immature T and B cells, monocytes, and natural killer cells. CD antigen CD38 is also known as ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1, which belongs to the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family. CD38 is expressed at high levels in pancreas, liver, kidney, brain, testis, ovary, placenta, malignant lymphoma and neuroblastoma. CD38 is used as one of the plasma cell markers and its ligand is CD31 molecules. The CD38 protein is consisted of 300 amino acids and its molecular mass is approximately 34.3 kDa.

What is the function of CD38 protein?

CD38 participates in cell adhesion, signal transduction and calcium signaling. CD38 is a multifunctional ectoenzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and hydrolysis of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-ribose. These reaction products are essential for the regulation of intracellular Ca2+. The loss of CD38 function is associated with impaired immune responses, metabolic disturbances, and behavioral modifications. The CD38 protein is a marker of cell activation. It has been connected to HIV infection, leukemias, myelomas, solid tumors, type II diabetes mellitus and bone metabolism. CD38 has been used as a prognostic marker in leukemia.

CD38 Related Signaling Pathway

CD38 can hydrolyze coenzyme NAD+ (nicotinate amine adenine dinucleotide) into nicotinic acid (NADH) and adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR), further regulating intracellular calcium ion concentration. At the same time, it can also participate in MAPK signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and then regulate cell inflammation, cell growth and other processes. It also affects immune cells: B/T cells. These signaling pathways interact and work together to regulate the function of the immune system.

CD38-10.jpg

Fig2. Beneficial effect of gene ablation and pharmacological inhibition of CD38 on aging and age-related diseases. (Munehiro Kitada, 2023)

CD38 Related Diseases

Cd38-related diseases involve many fields such as immune system, tumor, infectious disease, blood disease, nervous system disease and cardiovascular disease, and its abnormal expression or dysfunction may lead to abnormal activation of immune cells and inflammatory response, resulting in various diseases. For example: Multiple Myeloma, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).

Bioapplications of CD38

CD38 can be used to label and detect a variety of immune cells, such as lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. CD38 is highly expressed on plasma cell surface in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and can be used as a diagnostic marker for MM. Monoclonal antibody drugs targeting CD38 have been developed, such as daratumumab, isatuximab, etc. CD38 is used in CAR-T cell therapy to improve the function and effectiveness of immune cells.

High Purity

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CD38-2.jpg

Fig2. Activity Data. (CD38-051H)

Case study 1: M Tommy Gambles, 2021

The researchers designed an inventive paradigm in nanomedicine-drug-free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT). The ability of DFMT to induce apoptosis is based on biorecognition at cell surface, and crosslinking of receptors without the participation of low molecular weight drugs. Here, the researchers intend to demonstrate that DFMT is a platform that will be effective on other receptors than previously validated CD20. We appraised the impact of daratumumab (DARA)- and isatuximab (ISA)-based DFMT to crosslink CD38 receptors on CD38+ lymphoma (Raji, Daudi) and multiple myeloma cells (RPMI 8226, ANBL-6).

The biological properties of DFMTs were determined by flow cytometry, confocal fluorescence microscopy, reactive oxygen species determination, lysosomal enlargement, homotypic cell adhesion, and the hybridization of nanoconjugates. The data revealed that the level of apoptosis induction correlated with CD38 expression, the nanoconjugates meet at the cell surface, mitochondrial signaling pathway is strongly involved, insertion of a flexible spacer in the structure of the macromolecular effector enhances apoptosis, and simultaneous crosslinking of CD38 and CD20 receptors increases apoptosis.

CD38-3.jpg

Fig1. Confocal microscopy was employed to observe any redistribution of CD38 receptors into cholesterol-rich lipid rafts.

CD38-4.jpg
Fig2. Combinational DFMT treatment of Raji cells with CD38-targeting Fab'DARA DFMT coupled with CD20-targeting Fab'RTX DFMT.

Case study 2: Long Gao, 2021

It has been recently reported that CD38 expressed on tumor cells of multiple murine and human origins could be upregulated in response to PD-L1 antibody therapy, which led to dysfunction of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T immune cells due to increasing the production of adenosine. However, the role of tumor expressed-CD38 on neoplastic formation and progression remains elusive. So the researchers aimed to delineate the molecular and biochemical function of the tumor-associated CD38 in lung adenocarcinoma progression.

Using multiple in vitro assays they found that the enzymatic activity of tumor expressed-CD38 facilitated lung cancer cell migration, proliferation, colony formation, and tumor development. And the in vivo results showed that inhibition of the enzymatic activity or antagonizing the enzymatic product of CD38 resulted in the similar inhibition of tumor proliferation and metastasis as CD38 gene knock-out or mutation. These findings suggested that malignant lung cancer cells were capable of using cADPR catalyzed by CD38 to facilitate tumor progression, and blocking the enzymatic activity of CD38 could be represented as an important strategy for preventing tumor progression.

CD38-5.jpg

Fig3. Representative FACS plots showing the apoptotic of LLC with different level of CD38 expression.

CD38-6.jpg
Fig4. CD38 used its hydrolyze product cADPR to promote tumor survival. A549 and LLC tumor cells were subjected to Amplite™ Fluorimetric cADP-Ribose Assay Kit to measure cADPR.

CD38 involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways CD38 participated on our site, such as Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, Metabolic pathways, Calcium signaling pathway, which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with CD38 were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.

Pathway Name Pathway Related Protein
Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolismQPRT;NT5C2B;MIBP2;NT5C2;NT5C3B;MIBP;NUDT12;ITGB1BP3;AOX2P
Metabolic pathwaysNDUFA7;NDUFS6;CECR1A;NTPCR;GCDHA;POLR2H;DHFRL1;ODC1;CTH
Calcium signaling pathwayPHKB;ADRB2B;ADORA2B;PRKCBB;TACR3A;PRKACG;MYLK;GNA15.4;EDNRB
Hematopoietic cell lineageITGA3;GP5;CSF3;CD22;Flt3l;HLA-DRB1;FCER2;CD59;IL1R1
Oxytocin signaling pathwayITPR1;CACNB1;PRKAG1;CACNA2D3;MAPK3;PPP3CA;RHOA;NPR1;GNAI1
Salivary secretionCST4;FXYD2;GNAS;RYR3;CAMP;CAP18;GUCY1A3;MUC5B;PLCB2
Pancreatic secretionCTRL;SLC26A3;RAB11A;RHOA;PLCB4;CLCA3;ATP2A2;KCNMA1;PLA2G12B
Epstein-Barr virus infectionTRAF1;CDK1;Fcer2a;CCNA2;HDAC2;ICAM1;MDM2;RB1;EP300

CD38 has several biochemical functions, for example, NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity, NAD+ nucleosidase activity, phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by CD38 itself. We selected most functions CD38 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with CD38. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

Function Related Protein
NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activityBST1;CD38
NAD+ nucleosidase activityART5;CD38;BST1
phosphorus-oxygen lyase activityGC2;CD38;ADCY1A;BST1;ADCY2B;GC3;GUCY2E;ADCY1B;NPR1A
transferase activityCDKN1D;C1GALT1A;RPS6KB1B;Aatk;PNP4B;FTSJD1;HS3ST3B1B;CKMT2A;HS2ST1A

CD38 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with CD38 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of CD38.

Research Area

Related articles

Schubert, RD; Hu, Y; et al. IFN-beta Treatment Requires B Cells for Efficacy in Neuroautoimmunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 194:2110-2116(2015).
Franquesa, M; Mensah, FK; et al. Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Abrogate Plasmablast Formation and Induce Regulatory B Cells Independently of T Helper Cells. STEM CELLS 33:880-891(2015).
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Customer Reviews (3)

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01/15/2021

    By employing this protein reagent, I can swiftly obtain sufficient protein samples, meeting the high demand for experiments.

    06/11/2019

      The consumable costs associated with this protein reagent are relatively low, rendering it economically feasible and efficient for large-scale applications in the laboratory.

      06/08/2019

        A magical partner in experimentation, taking your research to new heights.

        Q&As (7)

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        What are the challenges and future directions in CD38 research? 04/06/2023

         CD38 research faces several challenges and offers exciting future directions. One challenge is deciphering the precise molecular mechanisms by which CD38 modulates cellular processes and interacts with other proteins. Additionally, understanding the context-dependent functions of CD38 in different cell types and disease conditions requires further investigation. Future directions include exploring the therapeutic potential of CD38 inhibitors in combination with other treatment modalities, investigating the role of CD38 in the tumor microenvironment, and advancing our understanding of the dynamic regulation of CD38 expression and activity. Such advancements will pave the way for personalized medicine approaches targeting CD38 in various diseases.

        What are the functions and mechanisms of protein CD38 in biological systems? 02/15/2023

        Protein CD38 is a transmembrane enzyme that plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Its main function is the hydrolysis of NAD+ to generate ADP-ribose, leading to the production of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and ADP-ribose (ADPR) as intracellular calcium signaling molecules. CD38 is involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune responses. Its mechanisms of action include modulation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as cADPR-mediated calcium release and involvement in apoptotic pathways through ADPR.

        Does CD38 interact with other proteins or signaling pathways? 01/08/2023

        Yes, CD38 exhibits interactions with several proteins and signaling pathways. For instance, CD38 is involved in the regulation of calcium signaling by interacting with calcium channels and receptors. It also interacts with other proteins in the NAD+ metabolism pathway, such as NAD+-consuming enzymes and NAD+ synthesizing enzymes. Furthermore, CD38 can modulate immune responses by interacting with immune cell receptors and co-stimulatory molecules. Understanding these protein-protein interactions and their functional consequences is essential for comprehending the broader role of CD38 in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis.

        What are the current areas of research focus regarding CD38? 12/08/2022

        Current research on CD38 encompasses various aspects. One area of focus is elucidating the role of CD38 in disease pathogenesis, including its involvement in cancer progression, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers are also investigating the potential of CD38 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in different diseases. Additionally, efforts are being made to identify novel therapeutic targets within the CD38 signaling pathway and develop more effective and specific CD38 inhibitors. Understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms and functional consequences of CD38 will contribute to the development of targeted therapies and precision medicine approaches.

        Are there any genetic variations or polymorphisms associated with CD38 expression or function? 11/22/2022

        Yes, genetic variations in the CD38 gene have been identified, and some of these variations have been associated with altered CD38 expression or function. For example, certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CD38 gene have been linked to changes in CD38 enzyme activity and NAD+ metabolism. These genetic variations can influence immune responses, susceptibility to certain diseases, and response to therapies targeted at CD38.

        In which cell types is CD38 expressed and considered important? 01/11/2020

        CD38 is widely expressed in various cell types, including immune cells (such as lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, etc.), neuronal cells, endothelial cells, and several others. It is especially important in immune cells, where it plays a critical role in immune responses, such as T cell activation, B cell differentiation, and antibody production. CD38 expression in neuronal cells has been linked to neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, CD38 expression in endothelial cells is associated with regulating vascular function and inflammation.

        What are the potential therapeutic implications of targeting CD38? 06/17/2016

        Targeting CD38 has gained significant attention in the development of therapeutic strategies. CD38 inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies, have shown promising results in the treatment of hematological malignancies, particularly multiple myeloma. These inhibitors block CD38 enzymatic activity, leading to impaired tumor cell growth, enhanced immune responses, and induction of cell death. Moreover, CD38-targeted therapies have also been explored for autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders. Further research is underway to optimize CD38-targeted therapies and expand their applications in different disease settings.

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