| Species : |
Human |
| Source : |
E.coli |
| Tag : |
His |
| Protein Length : |
2-522 |
| Description : |
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a nucleotidyltransferase located in the cytosol that acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor to detect foreign DNA from microbial pathogens as part of the innate immune response. Upon binding to cytosolic DNA, cGAS produces the cyclic dinucleotide second messenger cGAMP, which activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), leading to activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. In vitro, fibroblasts, macrophages, and dendritic cells isolated from cGAS knockout (cGAS -/- ) mice do not produce type I IFNs following DNA transfection or DNA virus infection. Similarly, cells containing a frame-shift mutation in the cGAS locus fail to mount an immune response to HIV and other retroviruses. In vivo, cGAS -/- mice infected with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) have lower levels of IFN-α and IFN-β, shorter survival times, and higher post-mortem levels of HSV-1 in the brain. |
| Form : |
50 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, with 300 mM sodium chloride, and 10% glycerol |
| Molecular Mass : |
61 kDa |
| Purity : |
≥90% estimated by SDS-PAGE |
| Unit Definition : |
One unit of cGAS produces 1 pmole of cGAMP per minute at 37 centigrade in 80 mM Tris-HCL, pH 7.5, containing 200 mM NaCl, 20 µM ZnCL2 , and 20 mM MgCl2 with 4 µg circular DNA (3623 bp) and 0.25 mM each of GTP and ATP. |
| Stability : |
≥ 1 year |
| Storage : |
Store at -80 centigrade |
| Shipping : |
Dry ice in continental US; may vary elsewhere |
