| Description : |
HAVCR2 is a 60 kDa member of the TIM family of immune regulating molecules. TIMs are type I transmembrane glycoproteins with one Ig-like V-type domain and a Ser/Thr-rich mucin stalk region (1, 2). Mature human TIM-3 consists of a 181 amino acid (aa) extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 78 aa cytoplasmic tail (3). An alternatively spliced isoform is truncated within the mucin-like stalk. Within the ECD, human TIM-3 shares 58% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat TIM-3. TIM-3 is up‑regulated on several populations of activated myeloid cells (macrophage, monocyte, dendritic cell, microglia, mast cell) and T cells (Th1, CD8+, NK, Treg) (3-10). Its binding to Galectin-9 induces a range of immunosuppressive functions which enhance immune tolerance and inhibit anti-tumor immunity (11). TIM-3 ligation attenuates CD8+ and Th1 cell responses (11-13) and promotes the activity of Treg and myeloid derived suppressor cells (8, 11, 13, 14). In addition, dendritic cell-expressed TIM-3 dampens inflammation by enabling the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and the cross-presentation of apoptotic cell antigens (4). It also binds the alarmin HMGB1, thereby preventing the activation of TLRs in response to released tumor cell DNA (7). TIM-3 interactions with Galectin-9 can alternatively trigger immune stimulatory effects, such as the coactivation of NK cell cytotoxicity (10). |
| Source : |
CHO cells |
| Species : |
Human |
| Tag : |
His/Avi |
| Predicted N Terminal : |
Ser22 |
| Form : |
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. |
| Bio-activity : |
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human Galectin9 is immobilized at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well), the concentration that produces 50% of the optimal binding response is 0.1-0.8 μg/mL. |
| Molecular Mass : |
37-50 kDa, under reducing conditions |
| Protein length : |
Ser22-Arg200 |
| Endotoxin : |
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method. |
| Purity : |
>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining. |
| Applications : |
Bioactivity |
| Storage : |
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. |
| Reconstitution : |
Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS. |
