Active Recombinant Human CDH2 protein, His-tagged

• Cat.No.: CDH2-2191H
• Product Overview: Active Recombinant Human CDH2 protein(NP_001783.2)(Met 1-Ala 724) was expressed in HEK293, fused with a polyhistidine tag at the C-terminus.

Specification

• Species: Human
• Source: HEK293
• Tag: His
• Protein Length: 1-724 aa
• Form: Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4.
• Bio-activity: Measured by the ability of the immobilized protein to support the adhesion of MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. When 5 x 10E4 cells/well are added to Recombinant Human Cadherin-2 coated plates (5 μg/mL with 100 μL/well), apximately >50% will adhere after 1 hour at 37°C.
• Molecular Mass: The form of human CDH2 consists of 710 amino acids and predictes a molecular mass of 78.5 kDa. In SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, the apparent molecular mass of CDH2 is 90 & 75 kDa corresponding to the fom and mature form respectinely due to glycosylation.
• Endotoxin: < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method.
• Purity: > 95 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Storage: Store it under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C upon receiving. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
• Reconstitution: It is recommended that sterile water be added to the vial to prepare a stock solution of 0.2 ug/ul. Centrifuge the vial at 4°C before opening to recover the entire contents.
• protein Refseq-Weblink: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001783.2
• Unit ID: P19022
• Unit ID-Weblink: http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P19022

Gene Information

• Gene Name: CDH2 cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal) [ Homo sapiens ]
• Official Symbol: CDH2
• Synonyms: CDH2; cadherin 2, type 1, N-cadherin (neuronal); NCAD; cadherin-2; CD325; CDHN; N cadherin; N-cadherin 1; neural cadherin; neural-cadherin; cadherin 2, N-cadherin (neuronal); calcium-dependent adhesion protein, neuronal; CDw325
• Gene ID: 1000
• mRNA Refseq: NM_001792
• protein Refseq: NP_001783
• MIM: 114020

Case Study

Case 1: Sheehan SA, et al. Cell Commun Signal. 2022

Src kinase can stimulate tumor growth by activating podoplanin (PDPN), but nontransformed cells can counteract this through "contact normalization," requiring junctions with transformed cells. This study identified N-cadherin as crucial for this process. Experiments showed that cadherin-competent cells could restrict tumor growth, which cadherin-deficient cells couldn't do. RNA-seq indicated that cadherin's role in this mechanism affects around 10% of related gene transcripts, including PDPN. However, PDPN can push cells past this growth control, even when N-cadherin is present, showing its strong influence in bypassing contact normalization.

Fig1. Pan-Cdh, N-Cdh, E-Cdh, v-Src, active Src (phosphorylated at Tyr 416), mouse and human PDPN, p120-catnin (p120Ctn), and β-actin were detected by Western blot.

Fig2. Orthogonal imaging of N-Cdh-YFP and N-Cdh-CFP colocalization in cut out view.

Case 2: Choi S, et al. Theranostics. 2021

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) affect breast tumor behavior, partly through TGF-β signaling, but the exact role of movement-related molecules was unclear. This study showed that breast tumor cell media boosted BM-MSC migration by increasing N-cadherin expression, essential for maintaining cell adhesion. TGF-β enhances N-cadherin through Smad4, and disrupting N-cadherin or TGF-β pathways stopped BM-MSC movement towards tumor cells. This highlights N-cadherin’s key role in guiding BM-MSCs to breast tumors.

Fig1. Western blot analysis of phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3), Smad2, N-cadherin.

Fig2. Three-dimensional migration of BM-MSCs transfected with control siRNA (siCON) or N-cadherin siRNA (siN-cad).

Application

CDH2, also known as N-Cadherin, is important for cell stickiness, movement, and the shaping of tissues. In research, scientists use recombinant CDH2 to delve into how cells adhere and migrate, especially in cancer studies. Changes in CDH2 levels are often tied to cancer spread and outcomes, highlighting its potential as a target for cancer treatments like specialized antibodies. Beyond cancer, CDH2 affects heart and vessel health, influencing how cells in blood vessels connect, and managing fibrosis in the heart. In the brain, CDH2 is essential for nerve development and synapse formation and has ties to neurodegenerative conditions, offering insight into nerve cell interactions and flexibility. It also affects immune cell functions, impacting their stickiness and communication. In industry, recombinant CDH2 proteins are created at high purity to aid in scientific studies and tests, including crafting specific antibodies for detecting CDH2. They are valuable in drug discovery, helping to find molecules that can influence CDH2 activity, leading to new treatment options. Given its role in cancer and heart disease, CDH2 is key in devising drugs that specifically target it, such as bi-specific antibodies or small molecules. Moreover, CDH2 is central to studies on cell signaling, helping us understand how cells organize and regulate, enhancing our grasp of health and disease. In summary, recombinant CDH2 proteins have wide-ranging applications in studying cell behavior, cancer biology, heart health, and creating new medicines. They are indispensable tools in investigating how cells signal and interact, opening avenues for innovative treatments and deeper insights across various scientific fields.

Fig1. Schematic representation of cadherin structure and downstream signaling. (Stella Alimperti, 2015)