Recombinant Human AIFM1 Protein, GST-tagged

• Cat.No.: AIFM1-473H
• Product Overview: Human AIFM1 full-length ORF ( NP_004199.1, 1 a.a. - 613 a.a.) recombinant protein with GST-tag at N-terminal.

Specification

• Description: This gene encodes a flavoprotein essential for nuclear disassembly in apoptotic cells, and it is found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space in healthy cells. Induction of apoptosis results in the translocation of this protein to the nucleus where it affects chromosome condensation and fragmentation. In addition, this gene product induces mitochondria to release the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and caspase-9. Mutations in this gene cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 6 (COXPD6), a severe mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, as well as Cowchock syndrome, also known as X-linked recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-4 (CMTX-4), a disorder resulting in neuropathy, and axonal and motor-sensory defects with deafness and mental retardation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 10. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]
• Source: Wheat Germ
• Species: Human
• Tag: GST
• Molecular Mass: 93.3 kDa
• AA Sequence: MFRCGGLAAGALKQKLVPLVRTVCV RSPRQRNRLPGNLFQRWHVPLELQM TRQMASSGASGGKIDNSVLVLIVGL STVGAGAYAYKTMKEDEKRYNERIS GLGLTPEQKQKKAALSASEGEEVPQ DKAPSHVPFLLIGGGTAAFAAARSI RARDPGARVLIVSEDPELPYMRPPL SKELWFSDDPNVTKTLRFKQWNGKE RSIYFQPPSFYVSAQDLPHIENGGV AVLTGKKVVQLDVRDNMVKLNDGSQ ITYEKCLIATGGTPRSLSAIDRAGA EVKSRTTLFRKIGDFRSLEKISREV KSITIIGGGFLGSELACALGRKARA LGTEVIQLFPEKGNMGKILPEYLSN WTMEKVRREGVKVMPNAIVQSVGVS SGKLLIKLKDGRKVETDHIVAAVGL EPNVELAKTGGLEIDSDFGGFRVNA ELQARSNIWVAGDAACFYDIKLGRR RVEHHDHAVVSGRLAGENMTGAAKP YWHQSMFWSDLGPDVGYEAIGLVDS SLPTVGVFAKATAQDNPKSATEQSG TGIRSESETESEASEITIPPSTPAV PQAPVQGEDYGKGVIFYLRDKVVVG IVLWNIFNRMPIARKIIKDGEQHED LNEVAKLFNIHED
• Applications: Enzyme-linked Immunoabsorbent Assay
  Western Blot (Recombinant protein)
  Antibody Production
  Protein Array
• Notes: Best use within three months from the date of receipt of this protein.
• Storage: Store at -80centigrade. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing.
• Storage Buffer: 50 mM Tris-HCI, 10 mM reduced Glutathione, pH=8.0 in the elution buffer.

Gene Information

• Gene Name: AIFM1 apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated, 1 [ Homo sapiens ]
• Official Symbol: AIFM1
• Synonyms: AIFM1; apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated, 1; PDCD8, programmed cell death 8 (apoptosis inducing factor); apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial; AIF; striatal apoptosis-inducing factor; programmed cell death 8 (apoptosis-inducing factor); PDCD8; COXPD6; MGC111425
• Gene ID: 9131
• mRNA Refseq: NM_001130846
• Protein Refseq: NP_001124318
• MIM: 300169
• UniProt ID: O95831

Reviews

04/03/2022

Its reliability and the manufacturer's expertise will significantly bolster the impact and relevance of my research, particularly in unraveling the intricate mechanisms associated with AIF1 protein in various biological contexts.

02/20/2017

The AIFM1 protein showcases exceptional quality that perfectly aligns with my experimental requirements.

06/16/2016

Its purity, consistency, and stability make it an ideal choice to confidently drive my research forward and yield accurate and reliable results.

02/02/2015

the manufacturer of the AIFM1 protein offers outstanding technical support, elevating their product to an even higher level of excellence.

Q&As

How is the activity of AIFM1 protein regulated?

The activity of AIFM1 protein is regulated by several mechanisms, including regulation of its translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus, post-translational modifications, and interaction with other proteins. AIFM1 activity can be modulated by phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, and these modifications can alter AIFM1's subcellular localization and interaction with binding partners.

How is AIFM1 protein involved in cancer development?

AIFM1 protein is involved in cancer development through its regulation of cell death pathways. AIFM1 plays a dual role in cancer, depending on the cellular context. In some cases, AIFM1 promotes cancer cell survival by regulating mitochondrial energetics and metabolism, while in other cases, it facilitates apoptosis and cell death. AIFM1 has also been shown to promote apoptosis in cancer cells treated with chemotherapy drugs.

How is the expression of AIFM1 protein regulated?

The expression of AIFM1 protein is influenced by various factors such as mitochondrial stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage, and hypoxia. Several transcription factors, including NF-κB and p53, have been reported to regulate AIFM1 expression.

Can AIFM1 protein be a potential therapeutic target for diseases?

Yes, AIFM1 protein is a potential therapeutic target for several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Strategies such as small molecule inhibitors or gene therapy to regulate AIFM1 activity could be explored as potential therapeutic approaches. However, further research is needed to assess the safety and efficacy of such interventions.

How does AIFM1 protein contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury?

AIFM1 protein contributes to ischemia-reperfusion injury by translocating from the mitochondria to the nucleus, where it induces DNA fragmentation and initiates apoptosis. This process can lead to tissue damage and cell death following reperfusion after an ischemic event. Inhibition of AIFM1 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Can changes in AIFM1 expression levels lead to disease states?

Yes, changes in AIFM1 expression levels have been linked to several disease states. Loss of AIFM1 expression is associated with neurodegenerative disorders, while increased expression has been observed in some cancers. Dysregulation of AIFM1 activity has also been implicated in ischemia-reperfusion injury and metabolic disorders.

Can you explain the involvement of AIFM1 protein in neurodegenerative disorders?

AIFM1 protein has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). AIFM1 is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function, and dysfunctional mitochondria play a significant role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Studies have revealed that AIFM1's translocation to the nucleus induces neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases.

What techniques are used to study AIFM1 protein?

The techniques employed to study AIFM1 protein include Western blotting, immunofluorescence, RNAi knockdowns, co-immunoprecipitation, and in vitro protein-protein assays.

Are there any therapeutic strategies targeting AIFM1 protein?

Several potential therapeutic strategies targeting AIFM1 are currently under investigation, including small molecules, siRNAs, and gene therapies, to treat various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Can you explain the role of AIFM1 protein in mitochondrial dynamics?

AIFM1 protein plays a role in mitochondrial dynamics, which refers to the continuous processes of fission and fusion that maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. AIFM1 has been shown to interact with several proteins involved in mitochondrial fission, including Drp1 and Fis1, and its activity can promote fission or fusion of mitochondria depending on the cellular context. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics has been implicated in several diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.

What are the different isoforms of AIFM1 protein?

AIFM1 has three isoforms: the full-length AIFM1, the truncated isoform AIFsh, and the mitochondrial-nuclear shuttle isoform AIF.

Are there any inhibitors/modulators of AIFM1 protein?

Several AIFM1 inhibitors/modulators, including Molecules, have been identified such as Dinaciclib, SMBA1, and Others.

What are the diseases associated with AIFM1 protein dysfunction?

Mutations in the AIFM1 gene have been associated with X-linked dominant traits such as optic atrophy, deafness, and neuropathy syndrome (ADOA+), Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a hereditary type of neuropathy, and Parkinsonism.

How is AIFM1 protein involved in apoptosis?

AIFM1 protein is involved in apoptosis, which is a programmed cell death process. AIFM1 translocates from the mitochondria to the nucleus during apoptosis, where it initiates DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation, leading to cell death. AIFM1 activity is regulated by several factors, including the Bcl-2 family of proteins, which can promote or inhibit AIFM1-mediated apoptosis.