Recombinant Human CD274 Protein, Fc&Avi tagged

• Cat.No.: CD274-088H
• Product Overview: Recombinant Human PD-L1 (Phe19-Thr239) with C-terminus Fc-Avi tag is expressed in HEK293 cells.

Specification

• Species: Human
• Source: HEK293
• Tag: Avi&Fc
• Conjugation/Label: 19-239 aa
• Description: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 or B7-H1, is a transmembrane protein that plays a pivotal role in immune regulation by modulating T cell activity. PD-L1 is expressed on a wide range of cells, including antigen-presenting cells, epithelial cells, and many tumor cells. Its primary function is to bind to its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), located on activated T cells. This interaction delivers an inhibitory signal that reduces T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. However, in pathological contexts such as cancer, PD-L1 expression allows tumor cells to evade immune attack, creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Structurally, PD-L1 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules. The extracellular domain comprises two immunoglobulin-like regions—an IgV-like domain responsible for PD-1 binding and an IgC-like domain that stabilizes the molecule. The protein also contains a single transmembrane helix and a short cytoplasmic tail that lacks classical signaling motifs but may interact with intracellular partners influencing its stability and localization. The PD-L1–PD-1 complex adopts a well-characterized interface where the IgV domains of both molecules interact in a way that blocks T cell receptor-mediated activation signaling. The main ligands of PD-L1 are PD-1 and CD80 (B7-1). While PD-1 engagement results in T cell inhibition, interaction with CD80 may yield bidirectional signaling effects depending on the cellular context. PD-L1 can be induced by inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), linking innate immune responses to immune checkpoint modulation. PD-L1 plays a major role in numerous diseases. Overexpression of PD-L1 is a hallmark of many cancers, including lung, melanoma, renal, and breast cancers, where it contributes to immune escape. Therapeutically, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis with immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment. Drugs such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab disrupt this inhibitory pathway, restoring antitumor T cell function. Moreover, PD-L1 is being explored as both a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response and a target for novel therapies, including bispecific antibodies and CAR-T cells aimed at enhancing immune-mediated tumor clearance.
• Form: Liquid, 1×PBS buffer, pH7.4, 0.22 μm filtered
• Molecular Mass: The protein has a predicted molecular weight of 54 kDa and migrates at approximately 70 kDa on SDS-PAGE under DTT-reducing conditions.
• Purity: >95% based on SDS-PAGE under reducing condition
• Applications: ELISA, BLI
• Storage: Briefly centrifuge the vial upon receipt. An unopened vial can be stored at 4 centigrade for up to 2 weeks, or at -20 centigrade or below for up to six months. The protein may be further diluted to 0.1 mg/mL using 0.22 μm-filtered PBS buffer (pH 7.4). For long-term storage, the diluted stock solution should be aliquoted and stored at ≤ –70 centigrade to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. If additional dilution is required, carrier proteins such as FBS or BSA should be added to maintain protein stability.
• Concentration: 25 μg size is bottled at 0.2 mg/mL concentration. 100 μg size is supplied at a lot-specific concentration.

Gene Information

• Gene Name: CD274 CD274 molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]
• Official Symbol: CD274
• Synonyms: CD274; CD274 molecule; CD274 antigen, PDCD1LG1, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; B7 homolog 1; B7 H; B7 H1; B7H1; PD L1; PDL1; CD274 antigen; PDCD1 ligand 1; programmed death ligand 1; B7-H; PD-L1; PDCD1L1; PDCD1LG1; MGC142294; MGC142296
• Gene ID: 29126
• mRNA Refseq: NM_014143
• Protein Refseq: NP_054862
• MIM: 605402
• UniProt ID: Q9NZQ7