Extracellular Matrix Molecules
- AGRN
- CCNA2
- CD36
- CHI3L1
- CHI3L2
- CHI3L3
- CILP
- COCH
- COL13A1
- COL15A1
- Col1a2
- COL25A1
- COL3A1
- COMP
- CRTAC1
- CTGF
- CTHRC1
- DMP1
- DPT
- ECM1
- EDIL3
- EFEMP1
- EGFL7
- FBLN5
- FLRT1
- FLRT2
- FLRT3
- FMOD
- FREM1
- LAMA3
- LAMA4
- LAMB2
- LAMC1
- LYPD3
- MATN1
- MATN2
- MATN3
- MATN4
- MEPE
- MFAP2
- MFAP5
- MIA
- NID1
- Nidogen-2
- NOV
- CCN3
- OPTC
- POSTN
- PRELP
- RSPO2
- SMOC1
- SMOC2
- SOD3
- SPARC
- F-Spondin
- TGM1
- TGM2
- TGM3
- TGM4
- TGM7
- THBS1
- THBS2
- THBS3
- THBS4
- TINAG
- TNC
- Vitronectin
- WISP1
About Extracellular Matrix Molecules
Extracellular matrix molecules are a complex network of proteins and carbohydrates that provide structural support and regulate cellular behavior in tissues. They are found outside of cells and play a critical role in maintaining tissue integrity and function.
There are various types of extracellular matrix molecules, including fibrous proteins such as collagen and elastin, glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronic acid, and adhesive proteins such as fibronectin and laminin. These molecules are secreted by cells and form a three-dimensional mesh-like structure that surrounds and supports cells.
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the extracellular matrix and provides tensile strength to tissues. Elastin, on the other hand, allows tissues to stretch and recoil. Glycosaminoglycans, such as hyaluronic acid, provide lubrication and hydration to tissues and also play a role in cell signaling. Adhesive proteins, such as fibronectin and laminin, help cells attach to the extracellular matrix and facilitate cell migration and tissue organization.
Extracellular matrix molecules also interact with cells through specific cell surface receptors, such as integrins, which transmit signals from the extracellular matrix to the cell interior. This interaction between the extracellular matrix and cells is essential for cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation, and influences various cellular processes such as tissue development, wound healing, and immune response.
Abnormalities in extracellular matrix molecules can lead to various diseases and disorders. For example, mutations in collagen genes can cause connective tissue disorders like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, while changes in the extracellular matrix composition can contribute to cancer progression and tissue fibrosis.
In conclusion, extracellular matrix molecules are crucial components of tissues that provide structural support, regulate cellular behavior, and play a vital role in tissue homeostasis and function. Understanding the roles and interactions of extracellular matrix molecules can provide valuable insights into tissue development, repair, and disease.
Physiological Functions of Extracellular Matrix Molecules
Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules play essential physiological functions in various tissues and organs throughout the body. The ECM provides structural support, contributes to tissue organization, and regulates cellular behavior. Here are some key physiological functions of ECM molecules:
Structural Support and Tissue Integrity: ECM molecules, such as collagen, elastin, and fibronectin, provide structural support to tissues and organs. Collagen is the most abundant ECM protein and forms a scaffold that gives strength and integrity to connective tissues, such as skin, tendons, and bones. Elastin provides elasticity to tissues, allowing them to stretch and recoil. Fibronectin and other adhesive ECM proteins contribute to tissue organization and cell adhesion.
Cell Adhesion and Migration: ECM molecules play a crucial role in cell adhesion and migration. Integrins, cell surface receptors, interact with ECM proteins like fibronectin, laminin, and collagen, mediating cell-ECM adhesion. This interaction allows cells to adhere to the ECM and migrate along it during processes such as tissue development, wound healing, and immune cell recruitment.
Cell Signaling and Differentiation: ECM molecules participate in cell signaling and influence cell behavior and differentiation. Growth factors and cytokines can bind to ECM proteins, sequestering them and controlling their availability to cells. The interaction between cells and the ECM can activate signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Mechanical Sensing and Tissue Remodeling: The ECM plays a role in mechanical sensing and tissue remodeling. Cells can sense mechanical cues from the ECM, such as stiffness and topography, through mechanotransduction pathways. These signals can influence cell behavior, including proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Additionally, the ECM can undergo remodeling, facilitated by enzymes called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), allowing tissues to adapt to changes in mechanical forces and facilitate processes like tissue repair and organ development.
Regulation of Angiogenesis: ECM molecules are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. ECM proteins, such as collagen and fibronectin, provide a scaffold for endothelial cells during vessel sprouting and tubulogenesis. They also interact with growth factors and cytokines that promote or inhibit angiogenesis, regulating the process of blood vessel formation.
Cell Survival and Tissue Homeostasis: The ECM provides survival signals to cells and contributes to tissue homeostasis. ECM molecules can bind and sequester growth factors, protecting them from degradation and providing a reservoir for their controlled release. This interaction between ECM and growth factors supports cell survival, proliferation, and tissue maintenance.
Barrier Function and Permeability: In certain tissues, such as the blood-brain barrier and the renal glomerulus, specialized ECM structures contribute to the regulation of barrier function and permeability. These ECM structures create a selective filter that allows the passage of certain molecules while restricting the entry of others.
Modulation of Immune Responses: ECM molecules can modulate immune responses by interacting with immune cells and influencing their behavior. ECM proteins, including fibronectin and laminin, can act as ligands for immune cell receptors, mediating adhesion and migration. Moreover, ECM molecules can regulate the production of cytokines and chemokines, influencing immune cell recruitment and activation.
Available Resources for Extracellular Matrix Molecules
Creative BioMart offers a broad range of specially tailored products and services to aid in the study of extracellular matrix molecules. Our diverse selection includes recombinant proteins, cell and tissue lysates, pre-coupled protein beads, antibodies, and more, all aimed at unraveling the mechanisms governing their functions.
Furthermore, we provide extensive resource support, covering associated pathways, protein functionalities, interacting proteins, linked research fields, relevant articles, and other materials relevant to extracellular matrix molecules. This comprehensive provision is designed to enhance the understanding and exploration of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of these crucial molecules.
Discover the wealth of resources related to extracellular matrix molecules offered below.
We are dedicated to providing you with high-quality research tools and services to help you achieve successful scientific outcomes. If you have any further questions or require custom services, please feel free to contact us at any time.
