Active Recombinant Human EFNA1 protein, His-tagged

• Cat.No.: EFNA1-2238H
• Product Overview: Recombinant Human EFNA1 protein(Asp19-Ser182), fused with C-terminal His tag, was expressed in HEK293.

Specification

• Species: Human
• Source: HEK293
• Tag: His
• Protein Length: 19-182 aa
• Form: Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
• Bio-activity: Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Human EFNA1 at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human Ephrin A1 Rabbit mAb with a linear range of 0.098-2.066 ng/mL.
• Molecular Mass: 20.20 kDa
• Endotoxin: < 0.1 EU/μg of the protein by LAL method.
• Purity: ≥ 95 % as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Storage: Store at -20°C.Store the lyophilized protein at -20°C to -80°C up to 1 year from the date of receipt.After reconstitution, the protein solution is stable at -20°C for 3 months, at 2-8°C for up to 1 week.
• Reconstitution: Centrifuge the vial before opening. Reconstitute to a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg/mL in sterile distilled water. Avoid vortex or vigorously pipetting the protein. For long term storage, it is recommended to add a carrier protein or stablizer (e.g. 0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose), and aliquot the reconstituted protein solution to minimize free-thaw cycles.

Gene Information

• Gene Name: EFNA1 ephrin-A1 [ Homo sapiens ]
• Official Symbol: EFNA1
• Synonyms: EFNA1; ephrin-A1; EPLG1, TNFAIP4; ECKLG; LERK1; TNF alpha-induced protein 4; ligand of eph-related kinase 1; immediate early response protein B61; eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligand 1; tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 4; tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 4; B61; EFL1; EPLG1; LERK-1; TNFAIP4
• Gene ID: 1942
• mRNA Refseq: NM_004428
• Protein Refseq: NP_004419
• MIM: 191164
• UniProt ID: P20827

Case Study

Case 1: Tandon M, et al. J Gene Med. 2012

Combined EphrinA1-Fc and Flt3L adenoviral therapy synergistically inhibits breast cancer growth by activating EphA2 degradation and dendritic cell-mediated immunity, demonstrating enhanced anti-tumor immune responses in preclinical models. This dual-targeted approach highlights potential for EphA2-directed immunotherapy and combination strategies in oncology.

Fig1. The tumor bearing mice were inoculated i.t. three times with PBS, HAd-ΔE1E3, HAd-EphrinA1-Fc, HAd-Flt3L, or HAd-EphrinA1-Fc + HAd-Flt3L.

Fig2. MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231 and MT1A2 cells were either mock-infected or infected with 100 pfu/cell of HAd-ΔE1E3 or HAd-EphrinA1-Fc.

Case 2: Wiedemann E, et al. Cell Signal. 2017

Ephrin-A1 regulates endothelial proliferation/migration via EphA2 signaling and cytoskeletal dynamics, suppressing growth while enhancing directed cell movement—key for angiogenesis and vascular wound healing. Its density-dependent expression modulates re-endothelialization, offering therapeutic targets for vascular repair and anti-angiogenic strategies.

Fig1. The most pronounced effect was seen in the case of ephrin-A1 which correlates highly with the cell density.

Fig2. Silencing of ephrin-A1 (si218 and si472) leads to an increased EphA2 expression in endothelial cells.

Application

1. Therapeutic Potential of Recombinant EFNA1 Protein in Vascular Repair and Cancer Therapy Recombinant ephrin-A1 (EFNA1) protein, a key ligand in the Eph-ephrin signaling pathway, demonstrates dual therapeutic potential in vascular regeneration and anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. By modulating endothelial cell migration and proliferation, EFNA1 promotes directed re-endothelialization in vascular injuries while inhibiting disorganized tumor vasculature. Its ability to regulate EphA2 receptor phosphorylation and cytoskeletal dynamics positions it as a versatile tool for addressing conditions like atherosclerosis, diabetic wounds, and tumor angiogenesis. 2. Mechanistic Insights and Preclinical Applications In preclinical models, recombinant EFNA1 suppresses pathological angiogenesis by disrupting EphA2-mediated signaling in cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and metastasis. Conversely, in vascular injury models, it enhances wound healing by stabilizing endothelial cell polarization and focal adhesion formation. Studies highlight its dose-dependent effects: low concentrations promote directed migration, while high levels inhibit excessive proliferation, optimizing tissue repair without fibrosis or hypervascularization. 3. Challenges and Innovations in Delivery Despite its promise, recombinant EFNA1 faces challenges in bioavailability and tissue-specific targeting. Advances in nanoparticle carriers, fusion proteins (e.g., EFNA1-Fc), or gene therapy vectors (e.g., adenoviral delivery) aim to enhance stability and localization. Combining EFNA1 with anti-inflammatory agents or checkpoint inhibitors could amplify therapeutic efficacy in complex diseases like cancer or chronic wounds, paving the way for next-generation regenerative and oncologic therapies.

Fig1. Possible mechanisms by which EFNA1 inhibits tumor growth. (Yongping Hao, 2020)

Fig2. EFNA1 is induced in hypoxic environments in HIF-dependent pathways. (Yongping Hao, 2020)